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- PIPE WRENCH. No. 291,266. Patented Jan. 1 1884.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,266, dated January 1, 1884. Application tiled June 21, 1883. (No model.)

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Beit known that we, FRANK ARMSTRONG and NATHANIEL W. VANDEGRIFT, citizens of the United States, residing at Bridgeport, Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in pipe-wrenches, and particularly to that type in which one of the jaws is made loosely connected with the other, or made movable for a slight distance when power is applied to the handle of the wrench to turn the pipe in such manner that the lower jaw is drawn more tightly upon the pipe to take a firmer hold, according to the necessary power to be applied to turn the pipe.

The object of our invention is to provide an efficacious means for forcing the lower jaw against the pipe, while at the same time protecting the latter against any undue crushing effect; and with these ends in view our invention consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully' set forth.

In order that those skilled may know how to make and use our improved wrench, we will proceed to describe vits construction and operation, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a side elevation of apipe-wrench embodying our invention; Fig. 2, a plan View of the same; and Fig. 3, a vertical section taken on the line y y of Fig. 2.

Similar letters denote like parts in the several iigures of the drawings.

A represents the box or frame in which the two jaws are arranged. This frame is cast v with a space or channel, B, at the top, for the reception of the upper jaw, C, and another channel, D,for the reception of the lower jaw, E. The upper jaw, G, is held in place by a rotary nut, F, located within a transverse opening in the frame, as clearly-shown in the drawings. The shank of the upper jaw, which passes through the nut F, is threaded on its edges, as shown, so that the rotation of the nut will cause' the necessary longitudinal adjustment of said jaw. The frame A is slightly enlarged or swelled behind the nut-space, as seen at G, and formed with round holes or bearing-seats for short trunnions H on theinner end of the arm or handle casting I. Said trunnions project laterally from the casting I, and are located in place by passing them upwardly in an oblique channel in the inside of the casting until they reach their seats, in which they are retained by the shank J of the upper jaw, as clearly illustrated at Fig. 3. The shank J of the upper jaw has a slight vibratory movement within its channel B, to enable it to adjust itself properly, and a flat spring, K, on the top of the handle-casting I serves to hold the jaw C in position while the wrench is being located over the pipe. rlhe lower jaw, E, is provided with a short tail or shank, L, the rear end of which is inclined, as clearly shown at Figs. l and 3, to receive pressure from a correspondingly-inclined nose, M, on the front lower end of handle-casting I, for the purpose presently explained. The lower jaw is pivoted at a, at its upper front end, to the front of the frame, and is caused to vibrate on said pivot to approach and firmly grasp the pipe N by pressing down the casting I, the inclined face of the nose M acting on the iuclined face at the rear end of the tail or shank L in an obvious manner. The casting I, as will be seen by reference to Figs. l and 3, has the nose above referred to projecting within the frame A, and is curved downwardly from said nose, as seen at b, so that such curved surface will come in contact with the rear end of the frame A and arrest any further downward movement, thereby protecting the pipe N from the crushing effect which would result if said projection or curved portion did not exist. The rear end of the handle-casting I is adapted to receive a threaded handle, O, of any length desired. It will be observed that all the parts are easily and economically constructed and put together, and that any part, if broken or imperfect, may be readily removed and a new part substituted.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isfl. In a pipe-wrench, the longtudinally-adjusta-ble jaw and shank C J, arranged within the frame A, in combination with the pivoted lower jaw, E, having a tail or shank, L,`bev

eled at the rear end, as described, and. the vibratory haiiclle-eastingI, provided at the front roo end with the nose M, suhsmntialy as and for the bearings-H, substantially as'hereinbefore the purpose set forth. set forth.

2. The combinant-Ion and arrangement of the In testimony whereof We have hereunto set frame A, j mrs C E au l handle-casting I, pivour hands inthe presence of two vsubscribing 5 otaylly connected te the Frame A, and provided i witnesses.

with nose M and curve b, substantially ns i FRANK ARMSTROXG. shown and described. NATHANIEL VANDEGPIFI.

3. The frame A, provided with shank-chan- Titnessesz nels B and D :1nd transverse nut-opening, and C. R. MORRIS, 1o formed Wlth oreulnrtrunuion-sents toreeeive G. A. STAPLES. 

